The gemstone described as “jasper” in the biblical text is understood to encompass a range of opaque, impure varieties of chalcedony. Its color varies considerably in scriptural descriptions, including green, red, and even crystalline or translucent forms. This suggests that the term likely referred to a broader category of stones than the specific mineral we know as jasper today. For example, Revelation 21:11 describes a jasper stone “clear as crystal,” implying a translucent quality not typically associated with modern jasper.
The significance of these stones lies in their symbolic use. They often represent God’s glory, divine judgment, or the foundations of the New Jerusalem. This rich symbolism ties into the ancient appreciation for precious stones, particularly those vibrant and rare. Their inclusion in biblical descriptions conveys a sense of majesty and otherworldly beauty. Historically, various interpretations have been applied to the specific colors mentioned, with red sometimes associated with sacrifice or judgment, and green with life or renewal. These interpretations have influenced religious art and literature for centuries.
